Stress and anxiety: Normal but potentially problematic reactions
In all mammals, stress is a normal physiological response to a troubling situation.
Reacting to a stressor or potential threat allows your cat to adapt their behaviour to the perceived threat and to their surroundings.
Your cat may also experience fear, which is, at-times, an overwhelming emotional response in the presence of danger. But what about anxiety? Anxiety is a psychological state that continues over time despite the absence of any real danger. It’s kind of like being afraid of being afraid.
What can actually trigger fear, stress, or anxiety in your cat? Depending on your cat’s personality, it can be any number of things, including:
- Any change in environment:
- A new house
- A new baby
- A new fur baby
- A family member moving out
- New furniture
- A kennel stay
- Any change of habit or routine:
- Vacation
- Going back to school
- Sleep schedule
- Meal times
- Visitors
- Vet clinic visit
- Loneliness
- Living with multiple cats and/or dogs
- Unusual noises
- Bad weather (e.g., thunderstorms)
- And many more
Experiencing mild fear or stress isn’t necessarily a bad thing for domestic cats: it can help them get out of a potentially dangerous situation. Severe or prolonged stress or anxiety, on the other hand, could be detrimental and affect your cat’s long-term physical and mental health.
Chronic stress and anxiety can cause your cat to develop behavioural problems such as:
- Excessive vocalization
- Excessive grooming
- Hypervigilance
- Accidents in the house
- Destructive behaviour
Stress and anxiety in your cat are accompanied by a complex neurological and hormonal response with short-term physical repercussions, causing:
- Their heart and breathing rate to speed up
- Their blood pressure to go up
Depending on how long the stress and anxiety last and how severe they are, your cat may develop other physical signs like:
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Urinary problems
When your cat suffers from severe stress or anxiety, it can greatly diminish their quality of life (and yours).
Want to help your stressed-out feline friend feel better? It’s best to adopt a multimodal approach (a plan that combines several treatment methods, e.g., environmental management, medication, and dietary changes). Feeding your fretful feline a therapeutic food for anxiety can help relieve their physical and behavioural symptoms.
Pretty sure your cat is stressed or anxious? Talk to your veterinarian about it. They can help you figure out what’s going on and give you tools to make it better.
If you know there are changes in store that are likely to upset your cat’s mental balance, ask your vet if a specialized food could help them through the transition and prevent possible complications.